Катедралата в гр. Мец, със стъклописи от превземането на града от Атила.
Катедралата в Мец...
Папа Лъв се среща с Атила...
Картина на Рафаело за срещата
Algardi's
large dramatic marble high-relief panel of Pope Leo and Attila
(1646–53) for St Peter's Basilica, and reinvigorated the use of such
marble reliefs.
Prosper Tiro of Aquitania; ( around 390 by Limoges; † after 455 in Rome) is a late antiquity writer of 5th
century. He works in the office of Pope Leo I “The Great”, to whom he
was a secretary. He was advisor on questions of basic Christian dogmas.
Prosper took part in preparation of Pope’s correspondence, thou he
managed to write his own works as well. Prosper is the author of “World
Chronic”, comprising information up to year 455 and of this chronic we
have the following account of events:
“Attila,
the leader of the Huns, who was called the scourge of God, came into
Italy, inflamed with fury, after he had laid waste with most savage
frenzy Thrace and Illyricum, Macedonia and Moesia, Achaia and Greece,
Pannonia and Germany. He was utterly cruel in inflicting torture, greedy
in plundering, insolent in abuse. . . . He destroyed Aquileia from the
foundations and razed to the ground those regal cities, Pavia and Milan ;
he laid waste many other towns, and was rushing down upon Rome.
Then
Leo had compassion on the calamity of Italy and Rome, and with one of
the consuls and a lar,e part of the Roman senate he went to meet Attila.
The old man of harmless simplicity, venerable in his gray hair and his
majestic garb, ready of his own will to give himself entirely for the
defense of his flock, went forth to meet the tyrant who was destroying
all things. He met Attila, it is said, in the neighborhood of the river
Mincio, and he spoke to the grim monarch, saying:
"The
senate and the people of Rome, once conquerors of the world, now indeed
vanquished, come before thee as suppliants. We pray for mercy and
deliverance. O Attila, thou king of kings, thou couldst have no greater
glory than to see suppliant at thy feet this people before whom once all
peoples and kings lay suppliant. Thou hast subdued, O Attila, the whole
circle of the lands which it was granted to the Romans, victors over
all peoples, to conquer. Now we pray that thou, who hast conquered
others, shouldst conquer thyself The people have felt thy scourge; now
as suppliants they would feel thy mercy."
As
Leo said these things Attila stood looking upon his venerable garb and
aspect, silent, as if thinking deeply. And lo, suddenly there were seen
the apostles Peter and Paul, clad like bishops, standing by Leo, the one
on the right hand, the other on the left. They held swords stretched
out over his head, and threatened Attila with death if he did not obey
the pope's command. Wherefore Attila was appeased he who had raged as
one mad. He by Leo's intercession, straightway promised a lasting peace
and withdrew beyond the Danube."
From the accounts translated by J. H. Robinson,
Readings in European History, (Boston: Ginn, 1905), pp. 49-51
REMARKS ON THE HISTORICAL ACCOUNT:
Attila
had risen to great power and gloriously triumphed throughout the
Eastern and the Western part of the Roman Empire. During 451 he arrived
in Belgica with an army, exaggerated by Jordanes to half a million
warriors and soon made his intentions clear. On April 7th Attila
captured Metz; and Aetius moved his forces to oppose him, gathering
troops from among the Franks, the Burgundians, and the Celts, etc. A
mission to him led by Avitus, and Attila's continued westward advance,
convinced the Visigothic king Theodoric I to accept alliance with the
Romans. Their combined armies would reach Orleans before Attila, thus
checking and turning back the Hunnish advance. Aetius gave chase and
reached the Huns at a place called Châlons-en-Champagne. The armies
clashed in the “Battle of Chalons”, whose outcome commonly, though erroneously, is attributed to be a victory for the Gothic-Roman alliance. Theodoric
was killed in the fighting. Aetius failed to press his advantage, and
the alliance quickly disbanded. Attila withdrew to continue his campaign
against Italy.
Attila
returned in 452 to claim his marriage to Honoria once again, invading
and ravaging Italy along the way; his army sacked numerous cities and
razed Aquileia completely, leaving no trace of it behind. Emperor
Valentinian fled from Ravenna to Rome; Aetius remained in strategic position close to Attila’s forces but lacked the strength to offer a battle.
Some accounts suggest that this time the mighty Aetius was scared.
Attila finally halted at the Po, where he met an embassy including the
prefect Trigetius, the consul Aviennus, and Pope Leo I. After the
meeting he turned his army back, having claimed neither Honoria's hand
nor the territories he desired. On the next year- 453, Attila dies.
